Family: Araceae

High Risk Traits:

• Thrives in tropical climates
  
• Possibly naturalizing outside native range in South America (confirmation needed)
  
• Other Philodendron species are weedy
  
• Unpalatable
  
• Poisonous to animals and humans
  
• Shade-tolerant
  
• Tolerates many soil types
  
• Reproduces by seeds
  
• Seeds, if produced, may be bird-dispersed
  
• Spread intentionally by people
  
• Philodendron species can resprout after cutting and pruning

Low Risk Traits:

• No reports of invasiveness or naturalization
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
  
• Seed production may be limited in cultivation (possibly due to pollinator limitations)
  
• Limited or absent seed production limits ability to spread
  
• Herbicides can effectively control Philodendron species