Family: Casuarinaceae

High Risk Traits:

• High climate match for tropical/subtropical regions.
  
• Tolerates a wide range of poor, dry, and salty soils.
  
• Forms dense, monospecific stands that shade out other plants.
  
• Nitrogen-fixing, improving soil for itself.
  
• Fire-adapted, resprouts vigorously after burning.

Low Risk Traits:

• Dioecious (separate sexes), requires both nearby to reproduce.
  
• No persistent seed bank; seeds die in soil within 3 months.
  
• Lacks effective long-distance seed dispersal mechanisms.
  
• Slow to mature, takes 5-10 years to produce significant seed.
  
• No history of invasiveness or naturalization elsewhere.
  
• No vegetative spread.