Family: Araucariaceae

Araucaria bidwillii (bunya-pine) is a tall, long-lived conifer native to Queensland, Australia. This striking tree can reach heights over 40 meters (130 feet) with a broad crown of heavy, symmetrical branches and sharp-tipped leaves. It produces large, round cones that can weigh several kilograms and contain edible seeds. The bunya-pine is commonly planted as an ornamental or shade tree in large landscapes, parks, and botanical gardens for its impressive stature and distinctive prehistoric appearance.

Although Araucaria bidwillii produces large seeds capable of germinating readily, the species is not known to be naturalized in Hawaiʻi or other tropical island systems. Its slow growth rate, limited seed dispersal, and specific germination requirements make it unlikely to spread beyond cultivation. In spite of its potential to produce many seeds, it is considered a low-risk and safe planting choice for Hawaiʻi’s landscapes, especially where ample space is available for its eventual size and heavy cones.

High Risk Traits:

• Casual in New Zealand (but not clearly naturalized)
  
• Broad elevation range and climatic tolerance
  
• Tolerates many soil conditions
  
• Can coppice or sprout from stumps

Low Risk Traits:

• No history of or reputation for invasiveness
  
• Edible seeds
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Landscaping and ornamental value
  
• Large seeds unlikely to be inadvertently dispersed
  
• Takes 15-20 years to reach maturity
  
• Seeds will not persist in the soil