Family: Anacardiaceae

Astronium graveolens (commonly known as zebrawood or gonçalo alves) is a medium to large deciduous tree native to Central and South America, from Mexico to Brazil. It is valued for its strikingly patterned, durable wood used in fine furniture, flooring, and cabinetry. The tree thrives in seasonally dry tropical forests and can reach heights of up to 30 meters. It grows best in well-drained soils and full sun, showing moderate drought tolerance once established. Its small, fragrant flowers attract pollinators, and the species is sometimes planted as an ornamental or shade tree in tropical regions.

In Hawaiʻi, Astronium graveolens is not known to be naturalized. However, as a tropical species that tolerates a range of environmental conditions and produces lightweight, wind-dispersed seeds, it could potentially establish in suitable habitats. At present, there is no evidence of invasiveness, but ongoing observation is warranted to ensure it does not spread beyond cultivation. Planting should be approached with caution, and alternatives using native or non-invasive species are encouraged where possible.

High Risk Traits:

• Intentionally planted for timber and ornament
  
• Wind-dispersed seeds
  
• Tolerates mutilation (suckers after damage)

Low Risk Traits:

• Palatable to animals (e.g., browsed by monkeys)
  
• Dioecious (requires separate male/female trees)
  
• Limited climate versatility
  
• No history of naturalization or weediness
  
• No spines, thorns, or burrs
  
• Not allelopathic or parasitic
  
• Not toxic to animals or humans
  
• Does not form thickets
  
• Low risk of unintentional or contamination dispersal
  
• No persistent seed bank