Family: Rubiaceae

Atractocarpus fitzalanii (brown gardenia, randia, yellow mangosteen) is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree native to the coastal rainforests of northern and eastern Australia. It is valued for its lush, glossy foliage, fragrant white flowers, and attractive yellow fruit, making it a popular ornamental choice in tropical gardens. The species grows well in moist, shaded environments and has been cultivated for its beauty and adaptability.

In Hawaiʻi, Atractocarpus fitzalanii has become naturalized on Oʻahu and is rated High Risk by the Hawaiʻi Pacific Weed Risk Assessment. Its ability to spread and establish in natural areas raises concerns about potential ecological impacts. Because of this risk, it is not recommended for cultivation in the Hawaiian Islands, and alternative non-invasive ornamentals should be considered for landscaping.

High Risk Traits:

• Elevation range exceeds 1000 m, demonstrating environmental versatility in tropical regions
  
• Thrives in tropical climates
  
• Naturalized on Oahu, Hawaiian Islands
  
• Shade-tolerant (could invade intact forest)
  
• Tolerates many soil types (not substrate-limited)
  
• Reproduces by seeds
  
• Reported to be self-pollinating
  
• Seeds dispersed by birds, water and intentionally by people

Low Risk Traits:

• Despite naturalization, no reports of negative impacts (but limited cultivation outside native range)
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Edible fruit and ornamental uses
  
• Not reported to spread vegetatively
  
• Recalcitrant seeds may not form a persistent seed bank