Family: Apocynaceae
High Risk Traits:
- Potentially naturalizing on Hawai'i Island
- Climbing/smothering growth habit
- Wind-dispersed seeds
- Intentionally propagated by people
- Tolerates various soil conditions
- Unpalatable to grazing animals
Low Risk Traits:
- Not weedy
- No spines/thorns/burrs
- No vegetative reproduction
- Low seed production
- Not shade-tolerant
- Not fire-adapted
- Not a significant pest host
- Requires specialist pollinators
