Family: Fabaceae

Origin, Description & Uses
Griffonia simplicifolia, commonly known as griffonia, is a woody climbing shrub native to the tropical regions of West and Central Africa. It is typically found in forests and thickets, where it grows as a vine or scrambling shrub with leathery green leaves and small greenish flowers that develop into black seed pods. The plant is best known for its seeds, which are a natural source of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), a compound used in dietary supplements to support mood, sleep, and overall well-being. Griffonia has gained popularity in the herbal supplement industry and is sometimes cultivated for medicinal and commercial purposes.

Risks & Threats
Griffonia is considered a low-risk species and is not known to be naturalized in Hawaii or elsewhere outside its native range. It does not exhibit aggressive growth, rapid spread, or other traits commonly associated with invasive plants. While its seeds are widely harvested for commercial use, there is little evidence to suggest it poses ecological threats if introduced. As with any non-native species, responsible cultivation and monitoring are recommended, but overall griffonia is unlikely to negatively impact Hawaii’s ecosystems.

High Risk Traits:

• Tropical climate suitability
  
• History of intentional introductions (seeds sold commercially)
  
• Shade tolerant
  
• Climbing growth habit
  
• Produces viable seeds
  
• Persistent seed bank
  
• Resprouts after cultivation or fire

Low Risk Traits:

• No evidence of naturalization or weediness
  
• No spines, thorns, or burrs
  
• Not parasitic or toxic
  
• Palatable to grazing animals
  
• No wind, bird, or accidental seed dispersal