Family: Pittosporaceae

Origin, Description & Uses
Pittosporum resiniferum, commonly known as petroleum nut, is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree native to northern Borneo and the Philippines, particularly Luzon. It belongs to the pittosporum family and is valued for its glossy leaves, fragrant flowers, and unusual fruits that contain naturally occurring combustible oils. Historically, the oily fruits were explored as a potential fuel source, which led to the common name “petroleum nut.” The tree is also planted as an ornamental in tropical and subtropical regions because of its attractive appearance and tolerance of warm climates.

Risks & Threats
Although Pittosporum resiniferum is not currently known to be naturalized in Hawaii, it does possess traits that are cause for concern. As a tropical tree adapted to humid environments similar to those found in the Hawaiian Islands, it may have the potential to spread beyond cultivation under favorable conditions. Species in the Pittosporum genus can produce abundant seeds that may be dispersed by birds and other animals, increasing the risk of escape into natural areas. Ongoing evaluation is needed to determine whether this species could negatively impact Hawaii’s ecosystems, native plants, or forest habitats if introduced more widely.

High Risk Traits:

• Congeneric weed (P. undulatum is invasive)
  
• Flammable fruits pose fire hazard
  
• Actively cultivated as potential biofuel crop
  
• Bird-dispersed seeds
  
• Seeds survive bird gut passage

Low Risk Traits:

• Not naturalized outside native range
  
• Not a recorded weed
  
• No spines, thorns, or burrs
  
• Non-toxic to humans
  
• Not wind-dispersed
  
• Not a produce contaminant
  
• No persistent seed bank (viable <1 month)