Family: Malvaceae

Origin, Description & Uses
Grewia truncata (mlima, mdomoko) is a small to medium-sized tree native to parts of Africa. It features dense, rounded foliage with simple, often toothed leaves, and produces small, star-shaped flowers followed by edible fruits that are sometimes used locally as food. The tree is valued for its shade and ornamental qualities, and in its native range, it may also provide fodder and traditional uses in local communities. In Hawaii, it has been observed sparingly naturalized, particularly in Koko Crater on Oahu.

Risks & Threats
Although Grewia truncata is not widespread in Hawaii, it does possess traits that could raise concerns for tropical island ecosystems. Its ability to establish in non-native areas and produce viable seeds suggests potential for further spread if conditions allow. As a naturalized species, caution is recommended to prevent it from becoming invasive and impacting native plants and habitats. Monitoring and careful management are advised to ensure it does not negatively affect Hawaii’s unique ecosystems.

High Risk Traits:

• Sparingly Naturalized in Koko Crater, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands
  
• Thrives in tropical climates
  
• Related species can become weedy
  
• Often forming thickets near streams in native range of Africa
  
• Seeds dispersed internally by birds and other mammals
  
• Biology and ecology poorly understood. Assessment could change as more information becomes available

Low Risk Traits:

• No reports of negative impacts or invasiveness elsewhere
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Landscaping and ornamental value