Family: Meliaceae
Origin, Description & Uses:
Lansium domesticum, commonly known as langsat or longkong, is a tropical fruit tree native to Peninsula Thailand and parts of western and central Malesia. It is a medium-sized tree with a dense canopy and pinnate leaves, producing small, round fruits that grow in clusters along its trunk and branches. The fruit has a thin, pale yellow skin and translucent, juicy flesh with a sweet to slightly tart flavor. Langsat is widely cultivated in Southeast Asia for its refreshing fruit, which is eaten fresh or used in desserts, preserves, and beverages. The tree is also valued in home gardens and small orchards for its ornamental appearance and shade.
Risks & Threats:
This species is considered low risk, with no significant evidence of invasiveness or ecological harm in regions where it has been introduced. Lansium domesticum generally requires specific tropical conditions—such as high humidity, consistent rainfall, and fertile soils—to thrive, which can limit its ability to spread beyond cultivation. It does not typically exhibit aggressive growth or naturalization tendencies, and there are no widely reported impacts on native ecosystems. As such, it is regarded as a suitable choice for cultivation in appropriate settings, including in Hawaiʻi, with minimal concern for environmental risk when properly managed.
High Risk Traits:
- Possibly Naturalized
- Thrives in tropical climates
- Peel may be toxic
- Shade-tolerant
- Seeds can develop apomictically
- Fruit consumed and seeds dispersed by birds and mammals, including people
Low Risk Traits:
- Despite potential naturalization, no negative impacts have been documented
- Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
- Edible fruit
- Medicinal properties
- Long time to reproductive maturity (8+ years)
- Landscaping and ornamental value
- Seeds lose viability quickly (no seed bank)
