Family: Blechnaceae

Blechnum brasiliense, commonly known as the red Brazilian tree fern or red dwarf tree fern, is a striking ornamental species native to South America, particularly Brazil and nearby regions. This compact tree fern is valued for its vivid red new fronds, which mature to a glossy green, adding bold color and texture to shaded landscapes. Growing about 3–6 feet tall with a short trunk, it works well in tropical gardens, containers, and indoor plant collections. Its dramatic foliage and manageable size have made it a popular choice among landscapers and home gardeners.

Although Blechnum brasiliense is not currently naturalized in Hawaiʻi, it does possess certain traits—such as shade tolerance, spore-based reproduction, and adaptability to moist tropical environments—that raise some concern. These characteristics suggest it could establish or spread under the right conditions. At this time, there is no evidence of ecological impact in the islands, but further evaluation is needed to determine whether it could affect Hawaiʻi’s native ecosystems. Gardeners should plant responsibly and avoid disposing of plant material near natural areas until more is understood about its potential risk.

High Risk Traits:

• Thrives in tropical climates
  
• Possible broad elevation rante
  
• Possibly naturalized in Africa
  
• Other Blechnum species have become invasive
  
• Possibly Shade-tolerant
  
• The dominance of B. brasiliense in some Brazilian forests suggests this species hampers the development of shorter-statured plants by its shading effect
  
• Reproduces by wind- and possibly water-dispersed spores
  
• Can reproduce vegetatively by offshoots from trunk
  
• Possibly forms a persistent spore bank

Low Risk Traits:

• No reports of invasiveness or detrimental impacts
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Ornamental value
  
• Gametophytes may be self-incompatible