Family: Zingiberaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Possibly naturalized, or native, in Malaysia
  
• Thrives in tropical climates
  
• Shade-tolerant
  
• Spread by rhizomes and seeds
  
• Seeds dispersed by birds and intentionally by people
  
• Spreads vegetatively
  
• Able to resprout after cutting
  
• Limited ecological information makes accurate risk prediction difficult

Low Risk Traits:

• No reports of invasiveness or negative impacts
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Ornamental
  
• Bird-pollinated (may limit seed set outside native range)