Family: Proteaceae

Origin, Description & Uses
Leucospermum conocarpodendron, commonly known as grey tree pincushion, is a flowering shrub native to the southwestern Cape Province of South Africa. It is part of the protea family and is valued for its striking pincushion-shaped flower heads in shades of orange, red, and yellow that attract birds and pollinators. This evergreen species typically grows as a large shrub or small tree with silvery-gray foliage that gives the plant its common name. Grey tree pincushion is widely cultivated as an ornamental landscape plant and is also grown for the cut flower industry because of its long-lasting and colorful blooms. It is well suited to dry climates and nutrient-poor soils, making it popular in water-wise and Mediterranean-style gardens.

Risks & Threats
As a low risk species, grey tree pincushion is not currently known to pose significant invasive threats in Hawaiʻi. It does not appear to spread aggressively or form dense stands that displace native vegetation. However, as with many ornamental plants, proper garden management is recommended to prevent unwanted spread into nearby natural areas. Planting in appropriate settings and monitoring for any unexpected naturalization can help ensure this attractive species remains a safe choice for landscapes.

High Risk Traits:

• Reported to be naturalized and/or a weed but evidence is inconclusive
  
• Leucospermum conocarpodendron subsp. viridum reported to form dense stands
  
• Reproduces by seeds
  
• Hybridizes with other Leucospermum species
  
• Reaches maturity in 3 years
  
• Seeds dispersed by ants and intentionally by people
  
• Seeds able to be stored for extended periods; May form a persistent seed bank
  
• Tolerates fire

Low Risk Traits:

• Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Ornamental
  
• Requires bird pollination (may limit seed set in cultivation)
  
• Not reported to spread vegetatively
  
• Relatively large, ant-dispersed seeds limit potential for long distance dispersal