Family: Actinidiaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Elevation range exceeds 1000 m in temperate, demonstrating environmental versatility (May only pose a threat to higher elevations in tropical island ecosystems)
  
• Naturalized in New Zealand
  
• Invades native forest and forest plantations
  
• Hairs on fruit may cause throat irritation and some people may be allergic to fruit
  
• Shade-tolerant
  
• Smothers native vegetation and plantation trees
  
• Seeds dispersed by birds and intentionally and accidentally by people
  
• Seeds may form a persistent seed bank
  
• Able to resprout after cutting to stump (may require herbicide treatment)

Low Risk Traits:

• A temperate species that may only threaten higher elevations of tropical island ecosystems
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
  
• Important commercial crop for edible fruit
  
• Dioecious
  
• Not reported to spread vegetatively
  
• Requires 3+ years to reach maturity