Family: Fabaceae
Albizia chinensis, commonly known as Chinese albizia, is a fast-growing tree native to tropical Asia. It can reach impressive heights with a broad, spreading crown that provides dense shade. In Hawaiʻi, this species has naturalized on Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, where it thrives in disturbed areas, roadsides, and open landscapes. Its fern-like leaves and clusters of pale yellow, powderpuff-like flowers give it an ornamental appeal, but its aggressive growth and ability to spread beyond cultivation raise concerns for local ecosystems.
Like its close relative Falcataria moluccana (Albizia), Chinese albizia is capable of fixing nitrogen, allowing it to colonize poor soils and outcompete native plants. The species is considered potentially invasive because of its rapid growth, tendency to form dense stands, and prolific seed production. Once established, it can alter soil chemistry and reduce biodiversity in invaded areas. While it may be used for shade, timber, or erosion control in some regions, in Hawaiʻi careful management is necessary to prevent its spread and protect native habitats.
High Risk Traits:
- Naturalized: Established outside its native range (e.g., Hawaii, Indonesia, Samoa).
- Environmental Weed: An aggressive colonizer in disturbed areas and native ecosystems.
- Toxic: Foliage contains saponins, posing a risk to livestock if consumed in quantity.
- Fire Hazard: Deciduous nature contributes to fuel load.
- Persistent Seed Bank: Seeds remain viable in the soil for up to five years.
- Intentional Spread: Planted for ornament, agroforestry, and rehabilitation, facilitating introduction.
- Resprouts: Tolerates cutting and mutilation, making control difficult.
Low Risk Traits:
- Palatable: Used as a fodder and browse tree for animals.
- Limited Dispersal: Large seeds lack specialized mechanisms for wind, water, or animal attachment.
- No Vegetative Spread: Does not reproduce via fragmentation.
