Family: Rubiaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Elevation range exceeds 1000 m, demonstrating environmental versatility
  
• Thrives in tropical climates
  
• Shade-tolerant
  
• Reproduces by seeds
  
• Reaches maturity in 1.5 years
  
• Seeds presumably dispersed by birds, other frugivorous animals and intentionally by people

Low Risk Traits:

• Domesticated by indigenous people
  
• No reports of invasiveness or naturalization, but no evidence of widespread introduction outside native range
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Edible fruit
  
• Dioecious
  
• Not reported to spread vegetatively
  
• Relatively large fruit and seeds unlikely to be inadvertently dispersed
  
• Recalcitrant seeds lack dormancy and unlikely to form a persistent seed bank