Family: Apocynaceae

Alstonia macrophylla (commonly called deviltree) is a tall evergreen tree native to Sri Lanka, India, and Southeast Asia. It can reach heights over 30 meters, with large leathery leaves arranged in whorls and clusters of small, fragrant white flowers. Introduced to Hawaiʻi as a fast-growing ornamental and shade tree, it is now naturalized on several islands. The species produces lightweight wood and milky latex, historically used in traditional medicine and for carving. Its rapid growth and tolerance for a variety of soils have made it a popular landscaping choice in the tropics.

In Hawaiʻi, A. macrophylla can invade disturbed areas, forest edges, and roadsides, where it may outcompete native vegetation by forming dense stands. It produces abundant wind-dispersed seeds that facilitate its spread. While not currently listed as a severe invasive threat statewide, it has shown invasive tendencies in other Pacific islands, warranting caution in planting near natural areas. Management focuses on preventing its establishment in sensitive habitats and removing young plants before seed set. Residents are encouraged to consider native or non-invasive alternatives for shade and ornamental use to help protect Hawaiʻi’s unique ecosystems.

High Risk Traits:

• Thrives and can spread in regions with tropical climates
  
• Naturalized Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian Islands)
  
• A disturbance adapted weed with the potential to impact natural areas
  
• Potentially toxic to animals and people
  
• Shade tolerant
  
• Tolerates many soil types (not limited by substrate)
  
• Reproduces by seeds
  
• Reported to be self-seeding
  
• Seeds dispersed by wind, and through intentional cultivation
  
• Capable of prolific seed production
  
• Tolerates and resprouts after cutting and fire

Low Risk Traits:

• Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
  
• Seeds lose viability after 9 months