Family: Papaveraceae
High Risk Traits:
- Broad elevation range
- Widely naturalized
- Agricultural weed
- Spiny
- Unpalatable to animals
- Toxic to animals and humans
- Tolerates many soil types
- Can hybridize with Argemone glauca, Hawaiian poppy
- Self-compatible
- Annual life cycle
- Numerous small seeds dispersed accidentally by animals and humans, and as a contaminant of animal feed and hay
- Forms a persistent seed bank
Low Risk Traits:
- Shade-intolerant
- Medicinal uses
- Herbicides provide effective control
- May be controlled with proper cultivation practices