Family: Aspleniaceae
High Risk Traits:
- Elevation range exceeds 2000 m, demonstrating environmental versatility
- Grows in tropical climates (could establish in Hawaiian Islands)
- Shade-tolerant
- Reproduces by spores (could naturalize)
- Possibly hybridizes with other Asplenium species (could possibly cross with native species)
- Spores wind-dispersed
- Prolific spore production
- Gaps in biological and ecological information reduce accuracy of risk assessment
Low Risk Traits:
- No reports of invasiveness or naturalization, but limited evidence of widespread introduction outside native range
- Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
- Non-toxic
- Ornamental