Family: Aspleniaceae

Asplenium bulbiferum, commonly known as hen-and-chickens, mother fern, or mother spleenwort, is a striking fern native to New Zealand. It is easily recognized by its lush, dark green fronds and the small plantlets that form along the upper surfaces of the fronds, giving it its “hen-and-chickens” nickname. These plantlets can drop to the soil and root, allowing the fern to propagate naturally. As a shade-loving species, A. bulbiferum thrives in humid, sheltered environments and is often used in gardens, terrariums, and as a houseplant for its attractive, feathery foliage and easy-care growth habits.

Although not known to be naturalized in the Hawaiian Islands, A. bulbiferum has traits that warrant attention for potential invasiveness. Its ability to reproduce vegetatively via plantlets and its adaptability to a range of shaded environments mean it could establish in suitable habitats if introduced. Gardeners should enjoy this fern responsibly, avoiding disposal of fronds in natural areas to prevent unintended spread. Overall, A. bulbiferum is a visually appealing and low-maintenance plant, valued for both its decorative qualities and its fascinating reproductive strategy.

High Risk Traits:

• Grows in subtropical climates
  
• Described as a greenhouse escape
  
• Shade-tolerant
  
• Tolerates many soil types
  
• Reproduces by spores and vegetatively by bulbils
  
• Hybridizes with other Asplenium species
  
• Spores wind and possibly water-dispersed; water may be able to disperse bulbils

Low Risk Traits:

• No reports of invasiveness or naturalization
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
  
• Palatable to browsing and grazing animals
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Ornamental