Family: Primulaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Grows in tropical climates
  
• Can grow in a range of environmental conditions
  
• Naturalizing in Florida
  
• Leaves with needle-sharp spines
  
• Shade-tolerant
  
• Tolerates many soil types
  
• Seeds dispersed by birds and other frugivorous animals
  
• Tolerates severe pruning
  
• Lack of biological and ecological information makes risk prediction difficult

Low Risk Traits:

• Used as a barrier plant and ornamental