Family: Poaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Elevation range exceeds 1000 m, demonstrating environmental versatility
  
• Thrives in tropical climates
  
• Naturalized on Molokai, Maui, Hawaii, Oahu, and Kahoolawe (Hawaiian Islands); widely naturalized elsewhere
  
• A disturbance-adapted grass that may impact agriculture and possibly the natural environment
  
• Other Bothriochloa species are invasive
  
• May increase fire risk
  
• Shade-tolerant
  
• Tolerates many soil types
  
• Reproduces by seeds and vegetatively by rhizomes
  
• Hybridizes with other Bothriochloa species
  
• Apomictic
  
• Annual to perennial, capable of reaching maturity in one growing season
  
• Seeds dispersed by wind, intentionally and unintentionally by people, and possibly by water and animals
  
• Tolerates fire and heavy grazing

Low Risk Traits:

• Despite naturalization and weediness, valued as a pasture grass for livestock
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
  
• Provides forage for livestock
  
• Herbicides may provide effective control