Family: Brassicaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Broad climate suitability
  
• Thrives and spreads in regions with tropical climates
  
• Possibly naturalized outside native range (unconfirmed)
  
• Common cultivation escape
  
• Other Brassica species are invasive weeds
  
• May be allelopathic
  
• Contains glucosinolates that can be toxic to livestock
  
• Host of other crop pests and pathogens
  
• Tolerates many soil types
  
• Reproduces by seeds
  
• Hybridizes with other Brassica species (but rarely under natural conditions)
  
• Self-fertile
  
• Quickly reaches maturity
  
• Seeds dispersed intentionally through cultivation and unintentionally through activities related to cultivation (equipment, bird seed contaminant, possible crop contaminant)
  
• Prolific seed production under cultivation

Low Risk Traits:

• Valued as a palatable pasture species, with no verified negative impacts reported
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
  
• Palatable (despite potential toxicity)
  
• Grows best in high light environments (dense shade may inhibit spread)
  
• Herbicides may provide effective control if needed