Family: Fabaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Naturalizes in disturbed areas (e.g., Hawaii, Florida, South Africa)
  
• Broad climate suitability (tropical/subtropical, wide altitudinal range)
  
• Tolerates a wide range of soil types (sand to clay, acid to alkaline)
  
• High seed production (>1000 seeds per square meter)
  
• Self-compatible (can reproduce without pollinators)
  
• Host to recognized pests and pathogens (e.g., Helicoverpa armigera)
  
• Propagules can disperse as produce contaminants
  
• Herbicide tolerance reported (though evidence is vague)

Low Risk Traits:

• Highly domesticated; no truly wild populations
  
• No evidence of weedy races or cultivars
  
• Not reported as a garden, agricultural, or environmental weed
  
• Palatable to grazing animals and non-toxic to humans and livestock
  
• No spines, thorns, or burrs
  
• Does not form dense thickets
  
• No vegetative reproduction (propagates by seed only)
  
• Poor tolerance to fire, heavy grazing, or cutting