Family: Rubiaceae

Calycophyllum candidissimum, commonly known as dagame or lemonwood, is a medium-sized to large tropical tree native to Central America, Mexico, and parts of the Caribbean. It is known for its straight trunk, smooth to lightly fissured bark, and glossy green leaves, which are often accompanied by small, fragrant white flowers that can be quite showy when in bloom. The wood is exceptionally dense, durable, and termite-resistant, making it highly valued for construction, fence posts, furniture, and tool handles. In some regions, the tree is also planted as a shade or ornamental species, and its hard, long-lasting timber has earned it a strong reputation in forestry and agroforestry settings.

While dagame is prized for its durable wood, its introduction outside of its native range should be approached with caution. In favorable tropical conditions, the species can establish readily and may spread beyond planted areas, potentially competing with native vegetation. Although it is not currently considered a major invasive threat in Hawai‘i, non-native trees with high survivorship and long lifespans can pose future management challenges if they escape cultivation. For this reason, dagame is best planted thoughtfully and monitored, with care taken to prevent unwanted spread into surrounding natural areas.

High Risk Traits:

• Elevation range exceeds 1000 m, demonstrating environmental versatility
  
• Thrives in tropical climates
  
• Tolerates many soil types
  
• Forms pure stands in Cuba
  
• Reproduces by seeds
  
• Self-compatible
  
• Growth rate – medium (time to maturity unknown)
  
• Seeds dispersed by wind and intentionally by people
  
• Seeds might be able to persist in seed bank for 15 months

Low Risk Traits:

• No reports of invasiveness or naturalization
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Ornamental
  
• Not reported to spread vegetatively