Family: Burseraceae
Canarium indicum, commonly known as canarium nut or galip, is a large tropical tree native to Melanesia, particularly Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. It can reach over 100 feet tall and is valued for its broad canopy, glossy evergreen leaves, and clusters of small flowers that produce hard-shelled nuts. Galip nuts are nutritious and flavorful, eaten roasted or used in cooking, oils, and traditional foods, and the tree has long cultural importance in Pacific Island agroforestry systems. In addition to food uses, the wood, resin, and shade provided by the tree make it a multipurpose species in home gardens and mixed plantings in tropical regions.
In Hawaiʻi and other Pacific islands, Canarium indicum is not currently considered a major invasive threat, especially when grown intentionally and managed. However, as a large, long-lived tree that produces viable seeds, there is some potential for spread beyond cultivation if nuts are dispersed by people or animals. Care should be taken to plant galip in appropriate locations, monitor for unwanted seedlings, and avoid establishing it near native forests. Responsible cultivation helps ensure that this useful food tree does not pose risks to Hawaiʻi’s unique ecosystems.
High Risk Traits:
- Native range is in tropical region
- Shade tolerant species (can germinate in native forests)
- Thrives on wide range of soil types
- Viable seeds
- Seed dispersed by birds and other animals
- Benefits from pruning
Low Risk Traits:
- Does not have a broad climate tolerance
- Not naturalized or weedy elsewhere
- Unarmed (no spines, thorns, burrs)
- Non-toxic to humans
- Medicinal, edible nut and oil
- Does not reproduce vegetatively
- Late-maturity (5-8 years before flowers)
- No seed bank
