Family: Lauraceae

High Risk Traits:

• Thrives in tropical climates
  
• Wood dust may be toxic or allergenic
  
• Shade-tolerant (potential to invade intact forest understory)
  
• Dominant forest component in Guyana (competitive ability?)
  
• Relatively large fruit and seeds dispersed by mammals (potentially pigs in Hawaiian Islands)
  
• Resprouts after cutting or damage to trunk
  
• Limited planting outside native range may account for lack of naturalization or invasiveness

Low Risk Traits:

• No evidence of naturalization or invasiveness elsewhere
  
• Restricted to low elevation tropics
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
  
• Landscaping and ornamental value
  
• Timber tree
  
• Large fruit and seeds unlikely to be accidentally dispersed