Family: Asparagaceae
Cordyline banksii (forest cabbage tree, ti ngahere) is native to New Zealand, where it grows naturally in forest margins, stream banks, and open woodlands. This slender, branching tree is known for its narrow, arching green leaves and graceful form, often developing multiple stems as it matures. In its native range, it plays an important ecological role and has traditional cultural uses, including fiber from the leaves and occasional ornamental planting. Because of its tidy growth habit and tropical look, Cordyline banksii is sometimes grown as a landscape or garden plant in suitable climates.
At this time, Cordyline banksii is not known to be invasive in Hawaiʻi and has not been documented as naturalized. However, as with other Cordyline species, it produces seeds that can be dispersed by birds, which means there is potential for spread outside of cultivation. While no significant environmental threats have been identified, continued caution is recommended when planting this species in Hawaiʻi. Monitoring cultivated plants and avoiding planting near natural areas can help ensure it does not negatively impact native ecosystems.
High Risk Traits:
- Shade-tolerant
- Hybridizes with other Cordyline species
- Reproduces by seeds and vegetatively
- Seeds dispersed by birds and intentionally by people
- Able to resprout after cutting
Low Risk Traits:
- Native to temperate climates (may only be a threat at higher elevations)
- No reports of naturalization or invasiveness to date
- Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
- Palatable to animals and humans
- Ornamental
- Herbicides may provide effective control
