Family: Rosaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Naturalized beyond native range
  
• Related species are weeds
  
• Toxic to animals and humans
  
• Host for pests/pathogens
  
• Shade tolerant
  
• Tolerates wide soil range
  
• Forms dense thickets
  
• Produces abundant viable seed
  
• Reproduces vegetatively
  
• Bird-dispersed seeds
  
• Seeds survive gut passage
  
• Tolerates disturbance (e.g., fire, cutting)

Low Risk Traits:

• Not a garden/agricultural/environmental weed
  
• No spines or thorns
  
• Propagules not spread by wind, water, or as contaminants