Family: Poaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Elevation range exceeds 2000 m, demonstrating environmental versatility
  
• Grows in temperate and tropical climates
  
• Widely introduced and naturalized, including Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui, and Hawaii
  
• Disturbance-adapted environmental weed
  
• Pollen is allergenic
  
• Shade-tolerant
  
• Tolerates many soil types
  
• Forms dense swards
  
• Reproduces by seeds
  
• Self-compatible
  
• Able to reach maturity in <1 year
  
• Seeds dispersed by wind, as a contaminant, attached to animals or internally, and intentionally planted
  
• Prolific seed production (densities unknown)
  
• Able to resprout after cutting or fire

Low Risk Traits:

• Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
  
• Highly palatable to grazing animals
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Not reported to spread vegetatively
  
• Does not form a persistent seed bank
  
• Herbicides may provide effective control