Family: Rubiaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Native in tropical climates (and could spread in Hawaiian Islands)
  
• Produces viable seed
  
• Self-compatible
  
• Dispersed intentionally by people (ornamental use)
  
• Propagules water-dispersed (buoyant, sea currents)
  
• Propagules bird-dispersed
  
• Propagules survive passage through the gut

Low Risk Traits:

• Not naturalized beyond native range
  
• Not a weed (garden, agricultural, or environmental)
  
• No spines, thorns, or burrs
  
• Palatable to grazing animals
  
• Not toxic to animals or humans
  
• Not shade tolerant
  
• Narrow soil tolerance (sandy, well-drained only)
  
• Does not form dense thickets
  
• No vegetative fragmentation (seed propagation only)
  
• Slow growth, long time to reproductive maturity
  
• Propagules not dispersed unintentionally or as contaminant
  
• Not adapted to wind dispersal
  
• No prolific seed production