Family: Balsaminaceae
Origin, Description & Uses
Impatiens hawkeri, commonly known as New Guinea impatiens, is native to Papua New Guinea and nearby regions of Melanesia. It is a popular ornamental plant valued for its large, vibrant flowers in shades of pink, red, orange, purple, and white, as well as its attractive, often variegated foliage. This species thrives in warm, humid environments and is widely used in landscaping, container plantings, and shaded garden beds. Its long blooming period and tolerance of partial sun make it a favorite for adding continuous color in tropical and subtropical gardens.
Risks & Threats
Although New Guinea impatiens is not currently known to be naturalized in the Hawaiian Islands, it does possess traits that are cause for concern. Like other Impatiens species, it can reproduce readily, grow quickly in suitable conditions, and potentially escape cultivation. In tropical environments, these characteristics may allow it to spread into natural areas, where it could compete with native vegetation for light, space, and resources. If established, it could contribute to the displacement of native plants and alter ecosystem dynamics. Because of these risks, planting New Guinea impatiens is not recommended; instead, consider choosing a low-risk or native alternative better suited for Hawaii’s unique ecosystems.
High Risk Traits:
- Possibly naturalized
- Thrives in tropical climates
- Broad elevation range
- Weedy species in genus
- Shade-tolerant
- Seeds dispersed by wind (explosive dehiscence), and probably by water
- Able to reach reproductive maturity in 1 year
- Able to root at nodes and spread vegetatively
Low Risk Traits:
- Despite ability to spread, no negative impacts have been documented
- Unarmed (no spine, thorns, or burrs)
- Non-toxic
- Landscaping and ornamental value
