Family: Iridaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Broad climate suitability (in temperate regions)
  
• Possibly naturalized or persisting elsewhere (but no evidence in the Hawaiian Islands to date).
  
• Identified as one of several weeds in mulberry cultivation (but no negative impacts have been described).
  
• Other Iris species are invasive weeds.
  
• Toxic to animals (if eaten).
  
• Potentially toxic and may cause dermatitis in people.
  
• Reported to form dense stands within native range.
  
• Occurs on margins of aquatic habitats. Could potentially invade similar habitats in the Hawaiian Islands.
  
• Reproduces by seeds and clonally by rhizomes.
  
• Self-fertile (with reduced fruit and seed set).
  
• Seeds dispersed by water, and through intentional cultivation.

Low Risk Traits:

• Primarily occurs in cool, temperate regions (may only be a risk to cooler, higher elevations of tropical island ecosystems).
  
• Widely cultivated in a range of forms, with no specific evidence of negative impacts where introduced.
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
  
• Grows best in partially shaded to high light environments (dense shade may inhibit spread).
  
• Herbicides may provide effective control.