Family: Juncaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Widely naturalized
  
• Thrives in temperate and higher elevation tropical climates
  
• Environmental weed, competing with native vegetation
  
• Possibly allelopathic
  
• Forms dense thickets
  
• Shade-tolerant Tolerates many soil conditions (and potentially able to exploit many different habitat types)
  
• Spreads vegetatively by rhizomes
  
• Reaches maturity in 2 years
  
• Produced large numbers of seeds
  
• Seeds easily dispersed by wind, water, and adhering to animals, and machinery
  
• Seeds can persist in the soil for decades

Low Risk Traits:

• Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
  
• Palatable to animals
  
• Provides food and habitat for wildlife (e.g. waterbirds)
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Landscaping and ornamental value
  
• Herbicides can provide effective control