Family: Crassulaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Thrives in tropical climates
  
• Widely naturalized
  
• A greenhouse, and disturbance weed
  
• A potential agricultural weed
  
• An environmental weed
  
• Other Kalanchoe species have become invasive
  
• Allelopathic
  
• Toxic to animals, and possibly people
  
• Shade-tolerant
  
• Tolerates many soil types
  
• Forms dense cover that excludes other vegetation
  
• Produces viable seeds in parts of introduced range (unclear for Hawaiian Islands)
  
• Suckers from base and spreads vegetatively by forming young plantlets on the leaf margins
  
• Reaches sexual maturity in 2 years (but likely able to reproduce vegetatively at an earlier age)
  
• Accidental dispersal in garden waste
  
• Seeds, if produced, tiny and probably wind-dispersed
  
• Damage to plant may allow for vegetative reproduction

Low Risk Traits:

• Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
  
• Palatable, but toxic, to livestock
  
• Ornamental
  
• Seed production may be limited, or lacking, in parts of introduced range
  
• Herbicides, and fire, may provide effective control)