Family: Vitaceae
High Risk Traits:
- Elevation range exceeds 1000 m, demonstrating environmental versatility
- Thrives in tropical climates
- Juice from fruit may be irritating to humans
- Shade tolerant
- Reproduces by seeds
- Seeds dispersed by birds, other animals, and intentionally by people
Low Risk Traits:
- Widely cultivated, with no reports of naturalization or invasiveness
- Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
- Palatable to browsing animals
- Valued as an ornamental and for medicinal uses