Family: Malpighiaceae

Origin, Description & Uses
Spachea lactescens (golden chain tree) is a small tropical ornamental tree native to northern Brazil. It is valued for its attractive cascading clusters of bright yellow flowers, which resemble golden chains when in bloom. This species typically has glossy green foliage and a compact to moderately spreading canopy, making it suitable for use as a specimen tree, accent planting, or in tropical gardens and landscapes. Its showy flowers can also attract pollinators such as bees and butterflies.

Risks & Threats
Golden chain tree is considered a low risk species for Hawaiʻi. It is not known to be naturalized in the islands and there is currently little evidence that it spreads aggressively or invades natural ecosystems. While all non-native plants should be monitored for unexpected spread, Spachea lactescens has not demonstrated traits commonly associated with invasive species in Hawaiʻi. With proper landscape management and responsible planting practices, it is considered a suitable ornamental option for tropical landscapes.

High Risk Traits:

• Self-compatible (can reproduce without pollinators)
  
• Produces viable seeds
  
• Intentionally spread by people as an ornamental
  
• Water-dispersed seeds
  
• Thrives in tropical/subtropical climates
  
• Tolerates wide soil pH and light conditions
  
• Fast growth rate

Low Risk Traits:

• No naturalization outside native range
  
• Not a documented weed (garden, agricultural, or environmental)
  
• No spines, thorns, or toxicity
  
• Not parasitic, climbing, or smothering
  
• Not shade tolerant (needs full sun to bright shade)
  
• Not dispersed by birds or external animal attachment