Family: Onagraceae

High Risk Traits:

• Able to grow in tropical and subtropical climates
  
• Naturalized in New Zealand and Australia
  
• Potential environmental weed
  
• Other Ludwigia species are invasive
  
• Able to smother water surfaces
  
• Reproduces by seeds and vegetatively
  
• Readily hybridizes with other Ludwigia species
  
• Self-compatible
  
• Can spread vegetatively by stolons and stem fragments
  
• Able to reach maturity in 1 growing season
  
• Seeds dispersed by water, wind, birds (e.g. ducks), machinery, footwear, clothing and mud
  
• Distributed as an aquarium plant
  
• Seeds can become a contaminant of rice and possibly other aquatic crops
  
• Viable seeds passed by feral pigs
  
• Able to resprout and spread after cutting

Low Risk Traits:

• Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
  
• Palatable to pigs and humans
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Aquarium species
  
• Seeds may not form a persistent seed bank
  
• Herbicides may provide effective control