Family: Rubiaceae

Oldenlandia corymbosa (diamond flower, flat-top mille graines) is an herbaceous plant with its native range extending across Africa and India. While it is not commonly cultivated, Oldenlandia corymbosa is sometimes used in traditional Indian medicine. There are reports of its naturalization in tropical and subtropical regions and it has naturalized on Kauai, Oʻahu, Maui, Kahoʻolawe, and Hawaiʻi Island.  It is a common weed of lawns, roadsides and disturbed areas in the islands. This plant is capable of forming dense mats, prolific seed production, and is self-fertile, potentially leading to its spread and competition with native vegetation.

High Risk Traits:

• Broad climate suitability
  
• Thrives, and spreads, in regions with tropical climates
  
• Naturalized on Kauai, Oahu, Maui, Kahoolawe, and Hawaii (Hawaiian Islands), and widely naturalized elsewhere
  
• Weed of lawns, roadsides, and disturbed sites
  
• Common weed of crops
  
• Potential environmental weed
  
• Other Oldenlandia species are invasive weeds
  
• Tolerates many soil types
  
• Reproduces by prolific seed production, and vegetatively by stem and root fragments
  
• Self-compatible (able to produce seeds through self-pollination)
  
• Reaches maturity in one growing season
  
• Seeds dispersed by wind, water, animals, and vehicles, or as a contaminant in soil and agricultural produce
  
• Prolific seed production
  
• Forms a persistent seed bank

Low Risk Traits:

• Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
  
• Provides fodder for livestock
  
• Non-toxic (and reported to have medicinal uses)
  
• Thrives in high light environments (dense shade may inhibit spread)
  
• Herbicides may provide effective control