Family: Apocynaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Grows in tropical climates
  
• Spiny
  
• Genus reportedly toxic
  
• Reproduces by seeds
  
• Reaches maturity in 2 years
  
• Seeds likely dispersed by wind and people

Low Risk Traits:

• No reports of invasiveness or naturalization, but limited evidence of widespread introduction outside native range
  
• Landscaping and ornamental value
  
• Specialized pollinator requirements (likely limits seed set outside native range)
  
• Not reported to spread vegetatively