Family: Polygonaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Naturalized beyond native range (SE Europe)
  
• Congeneric weed (Persicaria perfoliata is invasive)
  
• Produces viable seed
  
• Intentionally dispersed by people
  
• Propagules water-dispersed (stream banks, moist valleys)
  
• Annual (short generation time)

Low Risk Traits:

• No evidence of agricultural, forestry, or environmental weediness
  
• No spines, thorns, or burrs
  
• Not toxic to animals or humans
  
• No climbing/smothering growth habit
  
• Does not form dense thickets
  
• No vegetative fragmentation
  
• No wind dispersal adaptation
  
• No external animal dispersal mechanism