Family: Phytolaccaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Elevation range exceeds 1000 m, demonstrating environmental versatility
  
• Thrives in tropical climates
  
• Widely naturalized
  
• Disturbance adapted weed
  
• Weed of plantations, pastures and disturbed natural areas
  
• Other Phytolacca species have become invasive
  
• Toxic to animals and people
  
• Able to form dense thickets
  
• Reproduces by seeds
  
• Able to reach maturity in 1+ years
  
• Seeds dispersed by birds, mammals, water and as a contaminant of soil, or on machinery
  
• Seeds may persist in the soil for >1 years
  
• Able to resprout after cutting or fire

Low Risk Traits:

• Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
  
• Palatable to goats and possible other grazing animals (despite reports of toxicity)
  
• Not reported to spread vegetatively
  
• Herbicides may provide effective control