Family: Urticaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Broad climate suitability (elevation range >1000 m)
  
• Native to tropical/subtropical regions
  
• Weed of coffee fields, nurseries, and disturbed areas
  
• Congeneric weed (Pilea microphylla) is problematic
  
• Shade tolerant
  
• Produces viable seeds
  
• Annual (short generation time)
  
• Propagules dispersed unintentionally (e.g., nursery contaminants)
  
• Propagules water-dispersed (riverine habitat)

Low Risk Traits:

• No spines, thorns, or burrs
  
• No evidence of toxicity to animals or humans
  
• Does not create fire hazard
  
• Not climbing or smothering
  
• Not bird-dispersed (gravity dispersal)