Family: Polypodiaceae

High Risk Traits:

• Thrives in tropical climates. Climate in the Hawaiian Islands is conducive to its establishment and spread.
  
• Naturalized on Oahu, (Hawaiian Islands)
  
• Controlled as a potential weed of native forest on Lord Howe Island, Australia
  
• Shade-tolerant
  
• An epiphyte (could compete with native epiphytic species)
  
• Reproduces by prolific, wind-dispersed spores
  
• Intentionally cultivated by people

Low Risk Traits:

• Despite naturalization, and control in Australia, no negative impacts have been detailed to date
  
• Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Ornamental value