Family: Sapindaceae

Origin, Description & Uses
Schleichera oleosa, commonly known as Ceylon oak or lactree, is a medium to large deciduous tree native to the Indian subcontinent, Indochina, and parts of Malesia. It is valued for its dense, durable timber, which is used in construction, furniture, agricultural implements, and fuelwood. The species also produces seeds rich in oil that have traditionally been used for cooking, illumination, soap making, and medicinal purposes. Its broad crown provides shade, and it is sometimes planted as an ornamental or agroforestry tree. The tree bears small greenish-yellow flowers and fleshy fruits that are consumed by wildlife and, in some regions, by people.

Risks & Threats
Although Schleichera oleosa is not currently known to be naturalized in Hawaiʻi, it possesses several traits that are cause for concern. The species produces abundant fruits that can be dispersed by birds and other animals, potentially allowing it to spread beyond cultivation. It is also adaptable to a range of environmental conditions and can establish in disturbed habitats. These characteristics suggest the potential for naturalization if introduced more widely. Ongoing evaluation is needed to determine whether this species could impact Hawaiʻi’s ecosystems, and caution is recommended when planting it to help ensure that it does not negatively affect native habitats or biodiversity.

High Risk Traits:

• Naturalized in Indonesia. Escaped in Central America
  
• Thrives in tropical climates
  
• Grows from 0-1200 m elevation
  
• Potentially allelopathic
  
• Shade-tolerant
  
• Able to reproduce from suckers
  
• Seeds dispersed by animals and people
  
• Able to coppice and resistant to fire

Low Risk Traits:

• Despite ability to spread, no negative impacts have been documented
  
• Fodder tree
  
• Non-toxic
  
• Landscaping and ornamental value
  
• Edible pulp
  
• Host for the lac insect (Laccifer lacca).
  
• Reaches maturity in 6-8 years
  
• Will not form a persistent seed bank
  
• Relatively large fruit and seeds unlikely to be accidentally dispersed