Family: Asteraceae
High Risk Traits:
- Broad climate suitability and elevation range, demonstrating environmental versatility
- Thrives in tropical climates
- Naturalized in South America (but no evidence in Hawaiian Islands to date)
- Tolerates many soil types
- Possesses tuberous roots (a geophyte)
- Reaches maturity in <1 year (but seed set is limited or absent)
- Dispersed intentionally by people
Low Risk Traits:
- No reports of invasiveness or negative impacts outside native range
- Unarmed (no spines, thorns, or burrs)
- Provides fodder for livestock
- Cultivated for its edible roots
- Limited or absent seed set
- Lack of seed production reduces risk of accidental dispersal