Family: Lamiaceae
High Risk Traits:
- Thrives in tropical climates
- Naturalized in Tunisia
- Weedy in Fiji and showing weedy tendencies in Hawaiian Islands
- Shade-tolerant
- Tolerates many soil types
- Climbing habit (potential to smother other plants)
- Thicket-forming
- Self-compatible
- Seeds dispersed by birds, water and intentionally by people
- Able to reproduce by suckering
- Tolerates pruning and able to resprout after fires
Low Risk Traits:
- Unarmed (no spines, thorns or burrs)
- Palatable to goats and probably other animals
- Non-toxic and used medicinally
- Ornamental
- Reaches maturity in 4+ years
- Seeds are non-dormant and unlikely to form a persistent seed bank